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Seeds - Something New or Tried & Tested?

The long cold winter nights are an ideal time to start planning next year’s vegetable garden. Hours of time are well spent trawling thorough numerous seed catalogues who’s seeds will be eagerly sown come the warmer days of spring and summer.

Choosing you Cultivar

For me, this has been a winter ritual since I was a child. I even have a Suttons Seeds catalogue dating back to 1977 and memories of my granddad guiding me through the pages, telling me his favoured cultivars and how they should be grown.

Today, my seed selection is a bit more scientific, with cultivars selected for specific reasons. But do you stick to the tried and tested cultivars or is it time to try something new? For all the different shapes and sizes of vegetable seed, they fall into two categories:

Open Pollinated Seed

These are seeds produced by a group of plants which are allowed to cross within the group but still form a stable offspring with some limited variation but still exhibiting the main characteristics of their parents. They benefit the home gardener by being substantially cheaper, and usually don’t all mature at the same time, spreading the cropping season over a longer period. From a plant breeding perspective they offer a vast gene pool which can be used for future breeding programmes.

F1 Hybrid Seed

This is the progeny of what is termed in plant breeding as a cross between two pure breeding lines. The plants produced from the seeds of this cross are called an F1 Hybrid (the first generation) and to all intents will be identical to each other in appearance, and consistent no matter how many times that cross is made. They will all mature at the same time which may or may not be a benefit for the home gardener. and many offer much better disease and virus resistance than their open pollinated counterparts. They are also many times more expensive as they are costly to produce with many having to be hand pollinated. But are they worth the extra expense? – I believe they are. 

While seed cost has to be a major consideration especially in the current economic climate, I believe many gardeners buy the cheapest seed they can and are then disappointed with the results. Vegetable growing is all about choosing the cultivars:

  • that suit your growing regimes, fertilizer inputs and plant spacing
  • to combat diseases in your garden soil or those that are airborne
  • to enable you to harvest to tight schedules – F1 hybrids are very suited to a single harvest to fill the freezer, freeing up your garden for a following crop.

There is nothing wrong with good reliable open pollinated cultivars. Peas and Beans are a good examples as is Carrot Autumn King, cheap to grow, tasty and with superb winter hardiness. With the crop being able to be left in the ground all winter, what could be better? But for some crops F1 hybrids are a huge improvement on open pollinated cultivars and here are my top picks for must try F1 Hybrid cultivars and the reasons I grow them.

Elimination of some diseases – Two of the most devastating diseases in the vegetable garden are club root in brassicas and downy mildew on bulb onions. New F1 Hybrid brassica cultivars such as Calabrese ‘Monclano’ and Brussels Sprouts ‘Crispus’ will mean you can grow a completely unaffected high quality crop on infected soil. Onion ‘Hylander’ grown from seed has very high resistance to downy mildew meaning that in a wet summer your onions will thrive and not be affected by what is often called the potato blight of onions.

  • Increased vigour – Sowing a F1 Hybrid early carrot such as ‘Nairobi’ will always guarantee an early, vigorous crop of the very tasty carrots. Over the years I have grown many early carrots but this is the best of the best.
  • Increased uniformity – Carrot ‘Sweet Candle’ is unbeatable for mid-season production its uniformity a favourite for the show bench.
  • Increased Yield – Cucumber ‘Carmen’ and ‘Louisa’ are outstanding cultivars, with heavy crops of long straight, tasty fruit and good resistance to powdery mildew. Both are all female types meaning that no male flowers are produced. Pollination leading to bitter cucumbers is completely avoided.
  • Extension of cropping season – Tomato ‘Sungrape’ and ‘Supersweet 100’– both of these full flavour cherry cultivars are vigorous plants with a very long cropping season and have the ability, given suitable weather conditions, to provide fruit on Christmas day!
  • Improved flavour – This is somewhat subjective to the individual, and many people will argue that open pollinated plants taste better. Whilst I accept this view it is certainly not the case in many crops with hybrids bred specifically for improved taste and texture. Of course the reverse is also sometimes true especially where improved shelf life is the paramount consideration at the sacrifice of taste. But I think that anyone who has grown and eaten Sweet Corn ‘Lark’ would agree it’s the tastiest sweet corn ever!

Although some of the F1 hybrid cultivars may seem expensive, losing a complete crop to a disease is even more so. When inbuilt disease resistance is available from sowing right through to harvest together with improved flavour, vigour and uniformity if you have not tried F1 hybrids perhaps it’s time to give them a go in 2023.

I’m based in Shropshire, and I’ve been a keen gardener since childhood. Throughout my career I have raised plants commercially, landscaped gardens, taught horticulture, built the odd show garden and managed public parks where I helped popularise the use of wildflowers. My passion has always remained with growing fruit and vegetables in my own garden and looking after my rare breed chickens.

I’m based in Shropshire, and I’ve been a keen gardener since childhood. Throughout my career I have raised plants commercially, landscaped gardens, taught horticulture, built the odd show garden and managed public parks where I helped popularise the use of wildflowers. My passion has always remained with growing fruit and vegetables in my own garden and looking after my rare breed chickens.

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